2023年四川專(zhuān)升本考試中英語(yǔ)科目與計(jì)算機(jī)為統(tǒng)考科目,好學(xué)校網(wǎng)校整理了2023四川專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)答題技巧-詞義猜測(cè)題分享給大家作復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)的備考參考。
2023四川專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)閱讀理解答題技巧-詞義猜測(cè)題
考點(diǎn):①猜測(cè)某個(gè)詞、詞組、句子的意義②對(duì)文中的多義詞或詞組進(jìn)行定義③判斷某個(gè)代詞的指代的對(duì)象。常見(jiàn)命題形式有:1.The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.2.The word “it/they” in the last sentence refers to______.3.The word “…”(Line 6. para.2)probably means ______.4.The word “…”(Line 6. para.2)could best be replaced by which of the following?5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “…”?
解答技巧:1.通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜詞首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course等等)表示前因后果。例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.通過(guò)for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò)),可猜出blame的詞義是"責(zé)備"。
2.通過(guò)同義詞和反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞通過(guò)同義詞猜詞,一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組,如happy and gay,即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)詞,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;
二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過(guò)程中使用的同義詞,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均為生詞,但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個(gè)詞都屬于"行星"這一義域。
通過(guò)反義詞猜詞,一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞,如but,while,however等;
二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語(yǔ),如:He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.根據(jù)not at all...handsome我們不難推測(cè)出homely的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜詞根據(jù)前綴、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等構(gòu)詞知識(shí)判斷生詞詞義。如:She is unlikely to have stolen the money. ( “un”含否定意義,故為“不太可能”之意。)
4.通過(guò)定義或釋義關(guān)系來(lái)推測(cè)詞義例如:But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time. Then there is a dry period,or drought. 從drought所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的時(shí)期,即drought,由此可見(jiàn)drought意思為"久旱","旱災(zāi)"。而a dry period和drought是同義語(yǔ)。
這種同義或釋義關(guān)系常由is,or,that is,in other words,be called或破折號(hào)等來(lái)表示。
5.通過(guò)句法功能來(lái)推測(cè)詞義例如:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞,我們可以從這兩個(gè)詞在句中所處的位置來(lái)判斷它們大致的意思。
從句中不難看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同類(lèi)關(guān)系,同屬fruit類(lèi),因此它們是兩樣水果,準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō),是菠蘿和椰子。