之前有幾篇文章好學(xué)校小編給大家整理分享了專升本英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的相關(guān)考點(diǎn)和知識(shí)點(diǎn)不知道大家有沒(méi)有掌握,今天好學(xué)校小編要給大家分享的是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考點(diǎn)(1)考生們快來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧。
? ? ? ?什么是語(yǔ)態(tài)
語(yǔ)態(tài)(Voice)是說(shuō)明句子中的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間關(guān)系的動(dòng)詞形式。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種:主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(Active Voice)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(Passive Voice)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者。
1.形式主動(dòng)但意義被動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞
一些動(dòng)詞的某些用法采用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。常見(jiàn)的這類動(dòng)詞有sell, read, wash, wear, cut, spread, iron, open, peel等。
【例句】
His new book is selling badly.
The shop doesn’t open on Sundays.
These oranges peel well.
2.主動(dòng)不定式代替被動(dòng)不定式
1) 當(dāng)不定式作表語(yǔ)形容詞的補(bǔ)足成分時(shí),主語(yǔ)又是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ),不定式要用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。不定式的這種用法經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在形容詞easy, hard, difficult, comfortable, interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous等之后。
【例句】
Mary is easy to teach.
His theory is difficult to understand.
The river is dangerous to bathe in.
to blame(為發(fā)生的某種壞事承擔(dān)責(zé)任)常以主動(dòng)形式出現(xiàn)卻表示被動(dòng)含義。
【實(shí)例】
Nobody was to blame for the accident. 對(duì)于這起事故,誰(shuí)也不能責(zé)怪。
The mother didn’t know who ____ for the broken glass.
A. blamed B. be blamed C. to blame D. would blame
答案:C
3.以主動(dòng)的動(dòng)名詞形式表示被動(dòng)含義。
1) 這一用法主要出現(xiàn)在表示“需要” 的動(dòng)詞need, want, require之后,多數(shù)情況下由事物充當(dāng)其主語(yǔ),偶爾可以由人作主語(yǔ),動(dòng)名詞與句子主語(yǔ)之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,也可以用被動(dòng)的不定式替代,而句子含義沒(méi)有差別。
【實(shí)例】
The floor requires washing/ to be washed.
The house wanted repairing, unless he decided to move to the country.
The patient will need looking after.
Your hair wants ______. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut
答案:C
2) 在形容詞worth(值得做某事,有做某事的價(jià)值)之后,并且worth 后的動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
【實(shí)例】
The book is worth reading.
What a lovely party! It’s worth ______ all my life.
A. remembering B. to remember
C. to be remembered D. being remembered
答案:A
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